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1.Singing
2.Playing on musical instruments
3.Dancing
4.Union of dancing, singing, and playing instrumental music
5.Writing and drawing
6.Tattooing
7.Arraying and adorning an idol with rice and flowers
8.Spreading and arranging beds or couches of flowers, or flowers upon the ground
9.Colouring the teeth, garments, hair, nails and bodies, i.e. staining, dyeing, colouring and painting the same
10.Fixing stained glass into a floor
11.The art of making beds, and spreading out carpets and cushions for reclining
12.Playing on musical glasses filled with water
13.Storing and accumulating water in aqueducts, cisterns and reservoirs
14.Picture making, trimming and decorating
15.Stringing of rosaries, necklaces, garlands and wreaths
16.Binding of turbans and chaplets, and making crests and top-knots of flowers
17.Scenic representations, stage playing
18.Art of making ear ornaments
19.Art of preparing perfumes and odors
20.Proper disposition of jewels and decorations, and adornment in dress
21.Magic or sorcery
22.Quickness of hand or manual skill
23.Culinary art, i.e. cooking and cookery
24.Making lemonades, {sherbert
sherbets], acidulated drinks, and spirituous extracts with proper flavour and colour
25.Tailor's work and sewing
26.Making parrots, flowers, tufts, tassels, bunches, bosses, knobs, etc., out of yarn or thread
27.Solution of riddles, enigmas, covert speeches, verbal puzzles and enigmatical questions
28.A game, which consisted in repeating verses, and as one person finished, another person had to commence at once, repeating another verse, beginning with the same letter with which the last speaker's verse ended, whoever failed to repeat was considered to have lost, and to be subject to pay a forfeit or stake of some kind
29.The art of mimicry or imitation
30.Reading, including chanting and intoning
31.Study of sentences difficult to pronounce. It is played as a game chiefly by women, and children and consists of a difficult sentence being given, and when repeated quickly, the words are often transposed or badly pronounced
32.Practice with sword, single stick, quarter staff and bow and arrow
33.Drawing inferences, reasoning or inferring
34.Carpentry, or the work of a carpenter
35.Architecture, or the art of building
36.Knowledge about gold and silver coins, and jewels and gems
37.Chemistry and mineralogy
38.Colouring jewels, gems and beads
39.Knowledge of mines and quarries
40.Gardening; knowledge of treating the diseases of trees and plants, of nourishing them, and determining their ages
41.Art of cock fighting, quail fighting and ram fighting
42.Art of teaching parrots and starlings to speak
43.Art of applying perfumed ointments to the body, and of dressing the hair with unguents and perfumes and braiding it
44.The art of understanding writing in cypher, and the writing of words in a peculiar way
45.The art of speaking by changing the forms of words. It is of various kinds. Some speak by changing the beginning and end of words, others by adding unnecessary letters between every syllable of a word, and so on
46.Knowledge of language and of the vernacular dialects
47.Art of making flower carriages
48.Art of framing mystical diagrams, of addressing spells and charms, and binding armlets
49.Mental exercises, such as completing stanzas or verses on receiving a part of them; or supplying one, two or three lines when the remaining lines are given indiscriminately from different verses, so as to make the whole an entire verse with regard to its meaning; or arranging the words of a verse written irregularly by separating the vowels from the consonants, or leaving them out altogether; or putting into verse or prose sentences represented by signs or symbols. There are many other such exercises.
50.Composing poems
51.Knowledge of dictionaries and vocabularies
52.Knowledge of ways of changing and disguising the appearance of persons
53.Knowledge of the art of changing the appearance of things, such as making cotton to appear as silk, coarse and common things to appear as fine and good
54.Various ways of gambling
55.Art of obtaining possession of the property of others by means of mantras or incantations
56.Skill in youthful sports
57.Knowledge of the rules of society, and of how to pay respect and compliments to others
58.Knowledge of the art of war, of arms, of armies, etc.
59.Knowledge of gymnastics
60.Art of knowing the character of a man from his features
61.Knowledge of scanning or constructing verses
62.Arithmetical recreations
63.Making artificial flowers
64.Making figures and images in clay
These are among the skills traditionally taught to both genders, while emphasizing masculinity in men and femininity in women. Their subject matter draws on such texts as the Vedangas and Upavedas, and the Shilpa Shastras, or craft manuals. Through the centuries, writers have prescribed many more skills and accomplishments. These include sculpture, pottery, weaving, astronomy and astrology, mathematics, weights and measures, philosophy, scriptural study, agriculture, navigation, trade and shipping, knowledge of time, logic, psychology and ayurveda. In modern times, two unique sets of 64 kalas have been developed, one for girls and one for boys.
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